洛阳市中小学生因病缺课病因的监测

MONITORING OF THE REASONS OF STUDENTS' ABSENCE FROM CLASS FOR ILLNESS IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL IN LUOYANG

[目的]了解和掌握洛阳市中小学生因病缺课病因及发展变化趋势,为探讨预防对策开展保健服务提供科学依据。[方法]对1995～2004年市县4所监测点校4次因病缺课监测资料进行统计整理和分析。[结果]1995～2004年近10年间,洛阳市中小学生因病缺课率位于1.96‰～2.78‰之间,人均缺课天数位于0.39～0.57 d之间,小学生的人均缺课天数和因病缺课率均高于同期的中学生;城市学生的人均缺课天数均高于同期的县城学生,而因病缺课率则差别不大;上呼吸道感染、胃肠道疾病、意外伤害和急性传染病是中小学生因病缺课主要病因。[结论]加强对学生常见病、多发病及意外伤害的预防,采取综合干预措施是保障学生身体健康的关键。

[Objective] To comprehend and grasp the reasons and the trend of students＇ absence from class for illness in primary and secondary school and to provide evidences for exploring precaution countermeasures to develop the health care services.[Methods]Used statistical analysis to investigate the monitoring data of 4 monitoring schools from 1995-2004.[Results]In the 10 years（from 1995 to 2004）,the rate of students＇ absence from class for illness in primary and secondary school was between 1.96‰ and 2.78‰,the per capita days of students＇ absence from class were between 0.39d and 0.57d,the per capita days and the rate of students＇ absence from class in primary school were higher than those of secondary school in the same term.the per capita days of students＇ absence from class for illness in cities were more than that in counties,but the rate of students＇ absence from class for illness was almost the same.The main reasons of students＇ absence from class for illness in primary and secondary school were the the upper respiratory tract infection,the gastrointestinal tract disease,the accident and the acute infectious disease.[Conclusion]The precautions against the common illnesses,the precaution for frequently occurring disease and the accidents in students should be strengthened,and adopting comprehensive intervention measures is a key to ensure the students＇ good health.