农村女性结核病防治知识认知及其影响因素

COGNITION OF PREVENTIVE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT TUBERCULOSIS AND ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS AMONG RURAL WOMEN

[目的]了解农村女性结核病防治知识现状,分析影响知识认知的因素,为有效开展该类人群的健康教育提供方法。[方法]采用逐级整群抽样,对江苏省的金湖县,邳州市,扬中市,姜堰市四个地区女性居民2 193人进行入户问卷调查。[结果]调查对象中文盲和小学文化水平约占61%,肺结核病防治相关知识总知晓率水平为49.35%,合格率38.39%。与结核病发现率相关的知识及政策认知情况总知晓率水平为40.54%,合格率26.72%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:教育状况、年龄、听过广播,看过电视、听人讲5项因素对肺结核知识得分有影响。其中"听人讲"这一因素对肺结核知识得分的影响最大(Sx=0.30)。[结论]该群体文化水平低,结核病的知识认知上还不够全面,需要开展该类人群的健康教育。同时应充分考虑他们的特点选择人际传播、广播电视等方式。

[Objective]To understand the level of awarness on tuberculosis（TB）knowledge among rural women in Jiangsu province,to evaluate the impact of health promotion on TB in Jiangsu province and to identify and solve the existing problems.[Methods]Multilevel cluster random sampling method was used in 4 districs in Jiangsu province and information collected from questionnaires were summarized and analyzed.[Results]There were 61% women with lower level of education.The general awareness of tuberculosis（TB）knowledge was 49.35%.Among 2 193 persons,the qualified rate was 38.39%.The awareness of the knowledge on TB prevention policy were 40.54%,the qualified rate was 26.72%.Through logistic regression analysis,educational level,age,watching TV,listening to others and radio were found to be correlated with the weighted mean of knowledge on tuberculosis.It was also found that listening to others was the most important effect（Sx = 0.30）.[Conclusion]It is important to provide health education on tuberculosis to rural women.Meanwhile,through interpersonal communication,radio and TV educating them also should be chosen.