ABO血型系统新生儿溶血病早期诊断的实验研究

An experimentation research about the early diagnosis of HDN in the ABO-blood-type system

目的:通过对脐血做血型血清学检验,早期诊断新生儿溶血病。方法:按检验操作规程,对687例"O"型母亲分娩的"A"或"B"型新生儿脐血进行血型血清学检验,对红细胞被IgG抗-A(B)致敏的患儿,在出生7天内分组调查其高胆红素血症的发生率。结果:①抗体释放试验阳性的患儿高胆红素血症发生率极显著高于对照组的新生儿(P<0.01)。②抗体释放试验阳性患儿血液中存在的IgG抗-A+B对高胆红素血症发生率无显著影响(P>0.05),患儿血液中存在的游离抗体与高胆红素血症发生率呈显著的正相关性(P<0.01)。结论:通过对脐血进行血型血清学检验,是早期诊断新生儿溶血病的准确方法。抗体释放试验阳性患儿血液中存在的游离抗体有助于判断患儿疾病的发展趋势。

Objective： To diagnose the HDN in the early time by determining the serology with umbilical blood. Methods： According to the detection rules, determined the serology with umbilical blood of the 687 neonates who were delivered by the O - type - blood mother and whose blood - type was A or B. For those whose erythrocyte was sensitized by the Ab - A （ B）, studied the morbidity of hyper-bilirubinemia in groups in 7days after birth. Results：①In the neonates whose antibody - released test result was positive, it put up a remarkable difference in the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia compared to the control group （P〈0.01） .②The antibody of Ab - A （B） put up no remarkable difference in the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia （P〉0.05）. The free antibody put up a remarkable positive correlation in the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia （P〈0.01） . Conclusion ： Determining the serology with umbilical blood is an exact method in the early diagnosis of HDN. The free antibody helps to estimate the developing trend of HDN.