不同户籍产妇孕产期保健状况调查

Survey on the perinatal care to postpartum woman with different household registration in Beijing

目的:了解北京市不同户籍产妇孕产期保健状况,为提高孕产期保健水平提供依据。方法:于2003年8～12月对北京市9所助产单位分娩的825例产妇进行问卷调查,其中本市户口产妇480例,外地户口产妇345例。结果:①本市产妇孕期平均产检次数(9.2±3.6)次,外地产妇(7.8±3.5)次(t=5.42,P=0.000)。本市和外地产妇进行产前检查与产妇的职业、文化水平、家庭经济条件和生育次数有关。②本市和外地产妇在产前检查过程中去医院感觉方便者占67.9%。③本市产妇孕妇学校的听课率为50.2%,外地产妇为34.8%(χ2=19.41,P=0.000)。④本市产妇剖宫产率59.4%,外地产妇为42.9%(χ2=21.85,P=0.000)。⑤本市和外地产妇愿意母乳喂养者占97.5%,产后2～7天母乳喂养者为86.8%。⑥本市产妇产后避孕方式知晓率为72.7%,外地产妇为55.4%(χ2=26.71,P=0.000)。结论:①流动人口妇女孕产期保健状况应予关注。②针对本市和外地产妇产前检查不便利、孕妇学校听过课比例较低、剖宫产率较高、产后避孕知识知晓率不高的共同特点,应充分利用孕妇学校加强产时分娩方式及产后避孕方式选择的宣教,提倡以孕产妇为中心的产科服务模式。

Objective： To learn about the situation of postpartum woman with different household registration in Beijing so as to improve the quality of care. Methods： The survey was carried out in 9 hospitals during Aug. to Dec. 2003 in Beijing. 825 postpartum women answered the questionnaire. 345 of the 825 women were transient residence, and 480 were permanent residence. Results： The study revealed that the average numbers of antenatal care of the permanent and transient residence were 9. 2 ± 3.6 and 7.8 ± 3.5, respectively. Factors analysis showed that occupation, economic condition, educational level and the number of delivery were the main factors affecting antenatal care. Only 67. 9% permanent and transient residence felt satisfied with their acquired antenatal care. 50. 2% permanent residences attended to the Gravitas School, 34.8% for transient residence. The rate of cesarean section was 42.9% and 59.4%, respectively. At the same time, in Beijing, the rate of breastfeeding within 2 to7 days after delivery was 86. 8% and the rate of willing to breastfeeding was 97.5%.72.7% permanent residences knew contraception in breastfeeding period, 55.4% for transient residence. Conclusion： ①It should be improved the level of perinatal care for fluid women ②be problems remainod include inconvenient to visit, low attendance rate to Gravitas School, high rate of caesarean section, low knowledge level of postpartum contraception It should be paid more attention to Gravitas School, humane service during pregnancy, health education on postpartum contraception and mode of delivery in Beijing.