华北地区农业用水现状及可持续发展思考

Discussion on Status Quo and Sustainable Development of Agricultural Water in North China

华北地区是我国重要的工农业生产基地,水资源短缺已成为该地区经济可持续发展的主要限制因子,尤其是华北平原东部地区,地下水严重超采,地下水位持续下降,水资源供需矛盾加剧。针对这种情况,首先分析了华北地区水资源现状和农业用水现状,并对华北地区的总的经济发展和农业发展进行了预测,在此基础上对华北地区农业需水量进行了估算;结合华北平原地区的多年节水农业研究结果,对华北地区农业需水的可持续发展进行了预算。估算结果表明运用综合的节水技术可以满足华北地区农业用水可持续发展的需要。

North China is one of the most important industrial and agricultural production, shortage has become the main restrict factors for the economy development of this region. Especially, in the eastern part of North China Plain （NCP）, the groundwater resource has declined because of overexploitation of groundwater. According to the situation, firstly, the status quo of water resources and agricultural water was analyzed and the development of whole economy and agriculture of NC was predicted in this paper. Secondly, the agricultural water quantity of NC was estimated. Thirdly, combining with the research achievement on water saving agriculture in NCP, the sustainable development of agricultural water was estimated, and the result indicated that the water quantity can meet the agricultural water requirement through comprehensive water saving technology.