灌区湖泊污染主成分分析

Analysis of Principal Components of Lakes Pollution in Irrigation District

在上游污染物排放特性的影响下,位于灌区内的湖泊水环境污染问题必定有其特殊性。以位于我国北方的河套灌区中的草型浅水湖泊乌梁素海为研究对象,将实测的湖泊水质监测数据与空间数据结合,采用基于因子分析的主成分方法将乌梁素海的水质参数概括为7个主成分,即:富营养化特征指标、湖泊盐化特征指标、湖泊有机物污染指标、湖泊形态特征指标、水体酸碱指标、水体藻类生物量指标、植物生长环境指标。分析讨论各主成分的科学内涵以及结合地区特征的湖泊污染机理,为灌区湖泊水体的合理利用与污染的治理提供科学依据。

The pollution of lakes in irrigation district is particular because of the influence of the characteristic of upriver contamination. Taking Wuliangsuhai Lake （WL）, which is a typical shallow weedy lake lies in Hetao irrigate district in the north of China, as a research object, combining the measured water quality data with the spatial data, using the method of Principal Components Analysis based on factor analysis, the water quality parameters of WL are summarized into seven principal components, namely the index of eutrophication, the index of salinization, the index of organic pollution, the index of lake configuration, the index of acid and alkali, the index of algae quantity ,and the index of plant growing environmental. The meaning of each principal component and the pollution mechanism of WL are analyzed in this paper to provide scientific basis for the reasonable utilization and the pollution control of WL.