匍匐石榴双层双扇形整形修剪光合作用研究

Research on the Reshaping and Pruning of Double-layer Twin Fans Shaping Technique of Greeping Pomegranate by the Photosynthesis

新疆石榴广泛采用匍匐方式栽培,采用双层双扇形整形修剪后,匍匐石榴产量大幅度上升,果实品质明显提高。实验以千籽红石榴为材料,通过对光照强度、温度、树冠内CO2浓度(Ci)、水分利用效率(WUE)、光合有效辐射(PAR)和光合速率(Pn)测定,从光合特性的角度对双层双扇形整形修剪技术进行了评价,并且为新疆石榴的整形修剪技术提供理论依据。结果表明,在新疆南部地区,光补偿点为57μmol/m2.s,石榴光饱和点约为1 500μmol/m2.s;35℃左右时光合速率(Pn)最高,CO2补偿点为72μL/L,饱和点约为1 000μL/L。匍匐石榴采用双层双扇形整形修剪后,明显改善了树冠内的通风透光,水分利用效率(WUE)、树冠内CO2浓度(Ci)、树冠内光合有效辐射(PAR)和树体光合速率(Pn)都明显优于对照。

Pomegranate is extensively cultured by creeping pattern in Xinjiang. The yield and quality of creep pomegranate were significantly improved after file pomegranate was reshaped and pruned by the double - layer twin fans shaping technique. The illuminance, temperature, CO2 concetration （ Ci ） in pomegranate tree crown, WUE , PAR and Pn between pruned and unpinned pomegranate were determined, taking Qianzihong pomegranate as on experimental materials. The aim of above experiment evaluated this shaping technique from photosynthesis characters of pomegranate, and provided scientific basis for the reshaping and pruning technique of pomegranate in Xinjiang. The result showed that in the south of Xinjiang, the illumination compensating point and saturating point of pomegranate individually are 57 and 1 500 μmol/m^2·s. Pn of pomegranate reaches the max value at about 35℃. Compensation point and saturation point of CO2 separately are about 72 μL/L and 1 000 μL/L. Creeping po：aegranate has disfinct improvements on air- venting and fight- directing in tree crown after it adopted the double - layer twin fans shaping technique, so WUE, Ci, PAR and Pn of the one adopting reshaping and pruning are evidently higher than the one without the same adoption.