黄花马蹄莲轻质基质栽培研究初探

A Primary Study on Selection of Light Soilless Culture Substrate for Zantedeschia elliottiana

为筛选出适合黄花马蹄莲(Zantedeschia elliottiana)生长的基质配比和基质理化性状范围,并解决盆花运输问题和部分环境问题,本研究采用蛭石、泥炭、珍珠岩和废弃物煤渣进行基质配比栽培试验,通过发芽时间、株高、叶茎粗等指标比较其生长状况。结果表明,最优方案是T9(蛭石∶煤渣∶泥炭∶珍珠岩3∶4∶2∶1);T5(蛭石∶煤渣∶泥炭∶珍珠岩2∶3∶3∶2)次之,均显著优于土壤对照。较适合黄花马蹄莲生长的基质理化性状为:容重为0.48～0.55 g.cm-3,总孔隙度为65.91%～66.58%,毛管孔隙度为45.54%～49.08%,气水比为0.36～0.45,pH值为5.5～5.8,电导率(EC)为44.97～48.40μS.cm-1。

In order to find out the best proportion of different combinations and to solve the transportation and some environmental pollution,a study on the selection of optimal directions of light soilless culture substrates for Zantedeschina elliottiana with vermiculite,slag,peat,perlite was carried out.According to the plant growth indexes such as budding time,height of plant and stem diameter,appropriate growth substrate proportion and the physical and chemical property scope were probed into.The results showed that soilless culture was much better than soil culture and the best sample was T9 ：vermiculite＋ slag ＋peat＋ perlite（3∶4∶2∶1）,T5∶vermiculite＋ slag ＋peat＋ perlite（2∶3∶3∶2） was the better one.The appropriate physical and chemical property scope for Z.elliottiana was as follows： bulk density was 0.48～0.55 g/cm3,total porosity was 65.91%～66.58%,capillary porosity was 45.54%～49.08%,Ratio between air and capillary was 0.36~0.45,pH was 5.5～5.8,EC was 44.97～48.40 μS·cm-1.