日本甜柿早期丰产栽培关键技术研究

Key Technology on High Yield Cultivation in Early Stage of Japanese Sweet Persimmon

选择并比较引进的6个日本甜柿品种,其中品种‘次郎’的表现最佳,平均单果重220 g,糖度17度左右,质优、极丰产;并重点研究了日本甜柿的栽培技术。结果表明,在河北省太行山中南部及以南地区,甜柿幼树以秋栽并涂干的栽植模式为最好,成活率高,春季萌芽早,新梢生长快,抽干距离短;对比了日本甜柿幼树整形修剪技术,采用丛状树形,通过夏季摘心措施最好,可显著促进和增加分枝数量和结果母枝的比例,使日本甜柿在栽植后第三年便开始结果,第四年形成产量,第五年进入丰产期。

In the paper six introduced cultivars of Japanese sweet persimmon were comparatively investigated.It was found that the cultivar ＂Jiro＂ performed best with the mean weight per fruit 220 g,the sugar content about 17 degree,high quality and yield.The results of cultivation technology study showed that in the mid-south part and south part of Hebei Province,planting and stem coating in autumn were the best model,manifested in the high survival rate,earlier the sprouting time in the following spring,fast growth rate of shoots,and short withered branch part.The haping and pruning techniques on Japanese sweet persimmon were also compared.Adopting fasciculate tree-structured and topping in summer were the best.The techniques could increase branch number and the ratio of fruiting branch.In this way Japanese sweet persimmon began to fruit in the third year after planting,the yield formation was in the forth year,and the high yielding was in the fifth year.