医院突发公共卫生事件应对能力综合评价体系

Comprehensive indicator system for evaluating hospital's capacities in public health emergency preparedness

目的建立医院突发公共卫生事件应对能力综合评价模型及评价指标体系。方法通过文献研究构建医院突发公共卫生事件应对能力评价指标体系框架和设计医院应对能力现状调查问卷,对北京市153所二级以上医院进行应对能力现状的问卷调查。在此基础上,采用因子分析法建立医院突发公共卫生事件应对能力综合评价模型。结果医院突发公共卫生事件应对能力评价指标体系包括应急指挥协调机制、应急预案、监测预警、实验室管理及诊断、信息报告交流、应急人员、应急床位、应急药品储备、医疗救治措施、消毒净化、个人防护设备储备、其它应急物资储备和工作人员的教育培训13个维度,13个维度均具有较好的内部一致性(克朗巴赫α系数为0.968)。医院突发公共卫生事件应对工作中,对突发公共卫生事件的识别判断是最重要的(权重系数为0.526),其余依次为医疗救治软件(权重系数为0.159)、医疗救治硬件(权重系数为0.121)、应急意识(权重系数为0.108)和物资储备(权重系数为0.086)。结论所建立的医院突发公共卫生事件应对能力评价指标体系框架和综合评价模型能较全面的评价医院应对突发公共卫生事件的能力,具有较好的信度。

Objective To establish a evaluation model and an indicator system for evaluating hospital＇ s capacities in public health emergency preparedness. Methods Based on the literature review, an indicator system framework was developed and a questionnaire was designed to survey the status of hospitals＇ capacities in public health emergency preparedness at 153 secondary-and tertiary-care hospitals in Beijing. According to the survey results, a evaluation model of capacities in public health emergency preparedness was developed using the factor analysis. Results An indicator system framework for evaluating hospitals＇capacities includes 13 domains： command and coordination mechanism, public health emergency preparedness plan, surveillance and early warning, laboratory management and diagnosis, information reporting and communication, human resource for emergency, hospital beds for emergency, drug stockpile, medical treatment procedures, disinfection and sterilization, personal protective equipment stockpile, other materials stockpile, and staff training. It indicated that the 13 domains had good internal consistency（Cronbach alpha = 0. 968）. Among the work of public health emergency preparedness at hospitals, the most important was the capacity of detection and recognition of public health emergencies（weight value = 0. 526）, the rests were the software of medical emergency care（ weight value = 0. 159）, the hardware of medical emergency care（ weight value = 0.121 ）, the leaders＇ consciousness of emergency response （ weight value = 0.108）, and the material stockpile （ weight value = 0. 086）. Conclusion The indicator system framework and evaluation model developed can evaluate the hospital＇s capacities in public health emergency preparedness comprehensively, and it has better reliability.