两种磺酰脲类除草剂对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪红细胞微核及核异常诱导

Inducement of Micronuclei and Nuclear Anomalies in Erythrocyte of Bufo bufo gargarizans Tadpole by Two Sulfonylurea Herbicides

采用红细胞微核和核异常测试法,研究了除草剂甲磺隆、苄嘧磺隆对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪红细胞的毒性效应。结果表明,除草剂甲磺隆和苄嘧磺隆均可不同程度地引起中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪红细胞微核细胞率和核异常细胞率等遗传指标的上升(P<0.05;P<0.01),且不同除草剂,不同染毒时间处理后,引起的微核率和核异常细胞率均能达到一个峰值,但峰值出现的浓度不同;结果还表明除草剂甲磺隆和苄嘧磺隆诱导的核异常细胞率要比微核率高得多。除草剂浓度与微核率或核异常率无显著相关,没有明显的剂量——效应正相关关系;随着染毒时间增长,红细胞的微核率和核异常率有些许增长,但也不是很明显。

This article took advantage of the micronuclei and nuclear anomalies tests to study the genetic toxicity of metsulfuron-methyl and bensulfuron methyl on erythrocytes nucleus of Bufo bufo gargarizans tadpoles.The results indicated that the two herbicides： metsulfuron-methyl and bensulfuron methyl could both result in a relatively different increase of the genetic index such as micronuclei and nuclear abnormities （P 〈 0.05; P 〈 0.01）, and these two herbicides within different treating hours, can each. make a summit of the genetic index, though these summits come in different concentrations. The experimental results also suggests that the micronuclei abnormities caused by metsulfuron-methy and bensulfuron methyl are far more less than the nuclear abnormities. However there was no significant correlation between herbicide concentrations and micronuclei or nuclear abnormities; neither between time and micronuclei or nuclear abnormities, though there is an average slight increase of these two genetic index with the time and concentrations going.