不同生态区大豆种质资源在北京地区生长特性分析

Characterization the Soybean Varieties Resource Derive from the Different Ecological Regions in Beijing

调查分析我国3个大豆生态区和美国的114大豆材料在北京地区种植情况,结果表明:我国北方一熟春播区的大豆材料总体为单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重和单株产量较少;北方复种夏播大豆区,单株粒数较多,百粒重较大,单株产量较高;南方复种多播季区的平均百粒重和单株粒数与北方复种夏播大豆区相当。美国的材料在北京地区可以正常生长,但是适应性稍差,单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重和单株产量等较低。脂肪含量为北高南低,而蛋白质含量为南高北低。美国的材料是脂肪平均含量较高,而蛋白质含量较低。这些特点,有一定的遗传性,在育种亲本材料的选择上,可根据育种目标,选择相应生态区的材料。

114 soybean materials derive from different 3 ecological regions in China and the United States were analyzed for the planting characters in Beijing, The results showed that： the pod number per plant, the seed number per plant, the weight of 100 seeds and yield per plant in the spring - sowing in northern region were much less other ecological regions. The seed number per plant and the weight of 100 seeds in the multiple - sowing in southern region were much about in the spring - sowing in northern region. The soybean materials derive from United States can able to growth in the course of nature, but the pod number per plant, the seed number per plant, the weight of 100 seeds and yield per plant were much less other ecological regions in China. The soybean materials derive from north in China were higher in the content of fat ; the materials derive from the south in China were higher in the content of protein. The soybean materials derive from the United States were higher in the content of fat and less in the content of protein. The soybean materials with above characters were inherited should be chosen as breeding materials according to the breeding program.