陕西农村0～18月龄婴幼儿膳食状况调查研究

Research on dietary status of 336 infants aged between 0～18 months in rural area of Shaanxi province

【目的】了解陕西部分农村地区0～18月龄婴幼儿膳食状况,为提高西北地区家庭养育理念提供理论依据及干预措施。【方法】采用整群分层抽样的方法抽取0～18月龄婴幼儿336名,按月龄分为5组,并采用称重法入户对婴幼儿进行连续3 d（72 h）膳食调查。【结果】该地区0～18个月婴幼儿蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物摄入量占推荐摄入量的74.90%、85.35%和43.01%;能量摄入在4个月内接近膳食营养素参考摄入量的80%,4个月以后基本保持在60%左右;自婴幼儿6个月以后,除膳食镁和维生素B2的摄入较为充足之外,其它各元素均不能满足推荐摄入量或适宜摄入量。【结论】陕西农村地区0～18月龄婴幼儿能量摄入普遍不足,且表现出不均衡性,蛋白质来源较差。采取有效措施加强健康教育对改善当地婴幼儿膳食营养状况具有重要意义。

[Objective] Understanding the status of infants aged 0～18 months in rural arear of Shaanxi province, in order to provide theory basis to further developing functional food that can promote infants＇ growth and development. [Methods] 336 infants aged 0～18 months, were divided in 5 groups according to age. Dietary and nutrients intake were recorded. [Results] Intake of protein, fat and carbohydrate of these infants account 74. 90%,85.35% and 43.01% of the recommended nutrient intakes respectively. Intake of fat decreased while carbohydrate increased with age. Energy intake was nearly 80% before 4 months old, then decrease to 60%. After 6month old, except vitamin B2 and Mg were suffi cient, other dietary nutrients were all lower than adequate intake. [Conclusions] Dietary nutrients intakes of these infants were generally insufficient and imbalance, and intake of good protein was decreasing with age. It has great significance of adopting effective health education in improving infants dietary condition of this areas.