广东省0～18月龄婴幼儿喂养现况调查

Feeding status of 0～18 months infants in Guangdong.

【目的】了解广东省0～18月龄婴幼儿的喂养现状,为指导婴幼儿的科学喂养提供依据。【方法】整群抽取广东省城市、城镇、农村3844名婴幼儿,对喂养方式的现况进行问卷调查。【结果】①4月龄母乳喂养率75.6%、纯母乳喂养率36.3%,母乳喂养持续时间（6.06±3.37）月、纯母乳喂养持续时间（3.60±2.00）月;4个月内主要喂养方式是混合喂养,占50.8%;母乳喂养儿的乳类添加率达91.9%;②婴幼儿开始添加辅食时间为（3.8±1.75）月龄,41.7%婴幼儿早于4月龄添加辅食,城镇过早添加辅食的现象较为突出;添加辅食的种类较丰富,但豆类添加率较低;农村婴幼儿蛋类添加率从4月龄、肉类添加率从6月龄开始显著低于城市和城镇;6月龄后婴幼儿从辅食获得能量落后于发展中国家的推荐量。【结论】婴幼儿的喂养仍存在问题,需继续提高母乳喂养率、改变过早添加辅食的现象、增加豆类添加率、改善添加辅食的品质。

[Objective] To know about feeding condictions of 0-18 months children in Guangdong and provide the evidence to improving infants feeding. [Method] 3 844 children were collected from the urban, suburb and rural area of Guangdong and investigated about feeding status. [Results] （1）The breastfeeding rate of children at 4 months was 75.6%, exclusively breastfeeding rate was 36.3%. Duration of breastfeeding was （6.06±3.37） months and exclusively breastfeeding was （3.60±2.00） months. The main feeding pattern of children aged under 4 months-was combined breastfeeding（50.8%）. Total 91.9% breastfed children were introduced milk. （2）The time of introduction of complementary food was （3.8±1.75） months. 41.7 % children were introduced complementary food before 4 months and the situation was the serious in suburb area. The kinds of introduced complementary food were relatively plentiful but bean were introduced little. Rural children＇s rate of introduction of eggs from 4 months and meat from 6 months began to leg behind the urban and suburb children. The energy from complementary food from 6 months began to leg behind the recommendation for developing country. [Conclusions] The feeding question still exist. The breastfeeding rate should be increased and changed the phenomenon of introducing complementary food should be changed too early. The usage of bean should be increased and the quality of complementary food be improved.