北京、深圳5岁以下儿童生长现状评价

Growth evaluation of children under 5-year-old in Beijing and Shenzhen

【目的】采用世界卫生组织（WHO）新、旧儿童生长参考基准评价北京、深圳5岁以下儿童营养和生长发育状态。【方法】利用2004年北京市儿童青少年代谢综合征调查总样本中5岁以下儿童以及深圳南山区蛇口人民医院门诊（0~2岁）及幼儿园（3~4岁）体检数据,采用CDC/WHO1978和WHO2006年颁布的5岁以下儿童生长参考基准对两地儿童营养状况进行评价,分析两个基准对营养异常状态检出率的差异。【结果】北京和深圳5岁以下儿童生长发育总体上不存在性别和地域差异,采用WHO2006年颁布的5岁以下儿童生长参考新基准评价两地区的生长迟缓率、低体重率、消瘦率和超重率分别为北京：2.00%、0.91%、1.77%、6.29%,深圳：1.10%、0.99%、1.79%、5.48%。采用WHO新旧不同基准筛查营养异常的某些检出率差异显著（P〈0.001）,但这种差异在北京和深圳两个人群的分布不完全一致。【结论】WHO新旧生长基准筛查界点存在差异,中国不同地区5岁以下儿童对新旧生长参考基准的敏感性不同。

[Objective] To evaluate the difference between the applications of new and old Child Growth References in Beijing and Shenzhen children under 5 year-old. [Methods] The research subjects included two parts, one based on the data of Beijing Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome study （BCAMS） , a stratified cluster representative sample of 3 410 children aged 0-4 years was selected. Another sample came from the subjects of outpatients and kindergarten in Nanshan district of Shenzhen, 8 021 children under 5 years old were selected. The CDC/WHO growth charts and the reference published by WHO in 2006 were used to evaluate the growth of children separately. Difference of the prevalence rates of anomal otrophy screened by the two references were performed by chi-square test. [ Results] No gender and region differences were found in the two population. Prevalence rates of stunting, underweight, wasting and overweight screened by WHO 2006 reference in Beijing and Shenzhen population were 2. 00%, 0. 91%, 1. 77%, 6. 29% and 1. 10%, 0. 99%, 1. 79%, 5.48% respectively. Some of the rates of anomalotrophy screened by new and old WHO references were significantly different （P〈0. 001）, but the distribution varied in the two population. [Conclusion] Cutoffs of the new and old WHO growth references are not identical; the sensitivity to the references of children differed with region.