论运用教育激励理论培养大学生的非智力因素

Training College Students’ Non-Intelligent Factors by Adopting the Educational Encouragement Theory

非智力因素包括动机、兴趣、情感、意志、性格等方面,是人的基本品质之一,也是大学生完整素质结构的重要内容。非智力因素对大学生的学习与成本、思想政治教育及创新品质培养等起着重要作用。运用教育激励理论来培养大学生的非智力因素,应当遵循四项教育激励的基本原则:物质激励与精神激励相结合的原则、内激励与外激励相结合的原则、正激励与负激励相结合的原则和激励的公平原则,尤其要针对非智力因素的主要方面,根据大学生的不同特点、思想状况等,分别采取多种教育激励方法与策略,以收到良好的激励效果,从而使大学生能够和谐发展、健康成长。

Non-intelligent factors include motivation, interest, emotion, volition, character, etc. They are basic qualities of human beings. They are important to the integrity of college students’ quality structure and to their learning and success. They play an important role in college students’ ideological education and the cultivation of their innovative ability. When we train college students’ non-intelligent factors by adopting the educational encouragement theory, we should follow the following four principles: the principle of combining material encouragement with spirit encouragement, the principle of combining inner encouragement with outer encouragement, the principle of combining positive encouragement with negative encouragement, and the principle of fairness. We should adopt respective methods and strategies according to students’ characteristics and thoughts so as to encourage them effectively and to help them develop harmoniously.