日本传统汉语音韵学研究的特点

The Characteristics of Traditional Japanese Research in Chinese Phonology

从公元7世纪开始到幕末、明治初的1200年左右的时间,日本汉语音韵学形成了独有的学术传统。它不同于中国或者其他国家学者的传统汉语音韵学,充分展现了日本学者进行汉语音韵学研究的特点:从训释汉字读音入手,赋予汉语音韵学以日本"汉字音"的丰富内涵;汉字音解读与"悉昙"语音理论结合,使理论与方法更为系统化;汉日外语音的多重比较"考据",形成了东方特有的汉语音韵学研究的"比较"思维方式;日本传统"汉学"名目下的音义书、辞书、韵图等与汉语音韵学相关的著作异彩纷呈;汉语音韵学的标记理论十分发达,具有明显的日本化研究优势。

In the 1200 years from 700 AD to the end of the nile of the shogunate and the beginning of the Meiji era, the Japanese phonology formed a unique learning tradition, which was different from that in China and other countries. Beginning with explaining Chinese characters, they endowed the Chinese phonology with Japanese characteristics in regarding the sound of Chinese characters as the phonological learning center. The combination of the explanation of Chinese characters with Xitan phonological theory was to systemize the Chinese phonological theory and methods. The discrimination between Chinese and Japanese phonology widened the Japanese scholars＇ learning view and finally formed a unique oriental discriminating thoughts. There were many books on phonology, words and rhymes along with the boom in the study of Chinese phonology. Marker theory of Chinese phonology grew up rapidly with evident Japanese academic characteristics.