植物源农药的筛选及补骨脂抑菌活性

Screening of Plant Pesticide and Study on Antifungal Activity of Extracts from Psoralea corylifalia L.

以水稻稻瘟病菌、辣椒疫霉病菌、黄瓜炭疽病菌为靶标菌,通过孢子萌发试验对12种植物提取物的抑菌活性进行粗筛。结果表明,植物粗提物在100mg/L质量浓度下,补骨脂提取物对水稻稻瘟病菌和辣椒疫霉病菌孢子萌发的抑制率均为100%,虎杖和黄柏提取物对水稻稻瘟病菌孢子萌发的抑制率均为100%。然后,采用菌丝生长速率法将补骨脂提取物对11种植物病原菌的抑菌活性进行了测定,结果表明,补骨脂粗提物对苹果腐烂等11种植物病原菌均具有抑制作用,其中,对苹果腐烂病菌、黄瓜炭疽病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、水稻稻瘟病菌的EC50分别为17.669、73.136、77.294、32.141mg/L。

Fungal inhibitory activity of 12 plant extracts against Pyricularia oryzae, Phytophthora capsici, Colletotrichum orbiculare was determined using spore germination method. The results showed that the inhibition rate of the extract from Psoralea corylifalia L. to the spore germination of Pyricularia oryzae, Phytophthora capsici was 100%, the inhibition rate of the extracts from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.et. Zucc. and Phellodendron amurense Rupr, to the spore germination of Pyricularia oryzae were 100% when concentration of the extracts was 100 mg/L. The fungal inhibitory activity of the extract from Psoralea corylifalia L. against the 11 fungi was tested using growth rate methods. Inthe experiments the extracts of Psoralea corylifalia L. showed very high inhibiting activity to the growth of the hyphae of the 11 fungi, the EC50 were 17.669, 73.136, 77.294, 32.141 mg/L to Valsa mali, Colletotrichum orbiculare, Fusarium graminearum, Pyricularia oryzae, respectively.