水电开发项目中的移民成本外部化探讨

Researches on externality of immigrant cost in hydropower development projects

为了真实反映水电项目的投资收益,为项目经济评价提供合理的决策依据,以移民损失为切入点,对外部化移民成本进行了鉴别,并对部分移民成本进行定量分析,发现移民成本存在被外部化的现象。分析结果表明:被外部化的移民成本并没有完全计入到项目成本中,造成经济评价传递的信息不真实;尽管移民的外部成本计入到项目成本后,项目的效益成本率下降,且移民的外部成本计入的越多,项目的效益成本率下降也越多,但这部分外部化移民成本不能忽略,应计入到项目的总成本,以保证项目经济评价的真实性。

In order to effectively reflect the investment yield of hydropower projects and to provide rational decision-making basis for their economic evaluation, the externality of immigrant cost was judged, and the quantitative analysis of partial immigrant cost was conducted based on the immigrants' inundation loss. The externality of immigrant cost was found. It was not included in the total cost of the projects, resulting in that the information of economic evaluation was irrational. By use of the cost-benefit analysis, the external cost had an important impact on the economic evaluation of the projects. The more the included external resettlement cost, the less the project benefits. Therefore, the external cost must be included in the total cost of the projects so as to ensure the rationality of their economic evaluation.