供应链中库存系统的信息熵

On Information Entropy of Inventory System in Supply Chain

由于市场供给和需求的不确定性、供应链结构的复杂性以及长鞭效应(Bullwhip Effect)和反长鞭效应(Anti-Bullwhip Effect)等因素的影响,供应链及其库存系统存在着很大的不确定性,即供应链中的库存系统存在着熵。考虑长鞭效应和反长鞭效应下供应链中库存系统的信息熵,并进行仿真计算。研究发现库存系统在简单供应链系统中充当了信息熵的"放大器",制造商的库存系统在以制造商为核心的供应链系统中充当了信息熵的"剧增器"。最后给出有效降低熵值的策略,比如采用VMI模式或JMI模式,建立各种信息系统,推动式与拉动式供应链相结合,采用电子商务与传统分销相结合的供应链模式,在整个供应链系统中建立一个信息中心。

Due to the uncertainty of supply and demand, the complicated structure of the supply chain and the bullwhip effect and anti-bullwhip effect, various uncertainties exist in the inventory system, i.e. the entropy in the inventory system of supply chain. This paper studies the information entropy of inventory system in supply chain under bullwhip effect and anti-bullwhip effect, and does some simulations, the results of which indicate that the inventory system acts as an ＂amplifier＂ of information entropy in a simple supply chain system, while the inventory system of manufacturers acts as a leap implement of information entropy in the manufacturer-centered supply chain system. Finally the effective strategies of reducing entropy are given, such as adopting VMI or JMI mode, creating various information system, combining pushing mode with pulling mode supply chain, integrating electronic commerce mode with traditional distribution mode, and setting up a information center in the supply chain system.