无线传感器网络MAC层协议的分析比较

Analysis and Comparison on MAC Protocol of Wireless Sensor Network

无线传感器网络是一种由大量廉价微型传感器节点组成,并通过无线通信方式形成的多跳自组织网络,可用于对其部署区域的某些物理量进行智能监测。由于传感器节点数目较大,MAC协议是保证无线传感器网络高效通信的关键网络协议之一。另一方面,因为传感器节点受到电源能量有限、通信能力有限、计算和存储能力有限等现实条件的限制,传感器网络中的MAC协议又具有一些独特之处。对无线传感器网络MAC协议的研究现状进行较全面的考察,分析比较其中的几种典型MAC协议,并提出了该领域的发展趋势和未来工作的一些思路。

Wireless Sensor Network （WSN） is composed of a large number of cheap and micro- sensors, which communi- cate with each other in a wireless way form a multi - hop and self - organizing network monitoring certain physical variable in the area of deployment. Because of the number of nodes in WSN, the MAC protocol is one of the key protocols to ensure efficient communication in a wireless sensor network. Due to some practical limitations on energy supply, communication resources,computation and storage capacity in each node,the MAC protocols of WSN are quite different from those used in traditional networks. This paper tries to provide a thorough survey on MAC protocol proposed for WSN,and summarizes up their pros and cons. Based on the analysis and comparison on some typical MAC protocols of WSN, we point out the trends in this area and propose some directions for future work.