中国西南泛亚大通道环境工程地质问题概论

Discussion on environmental geological problems in the areas from Southwest China to Southeast Asia

西南泛亚大通道是中国近期和今后将要重点规划建设的能源和交通廊带,具有重要的经济和战略意义。由于地处中国西南地质环境条件极其复杂的横断山区南段,该廊带地形地貌和地质构造都极其复杂,新构造活动强烈,导致地质灾害频发,并以类型全、数量多、规模大为特点。外动力地质灾害主要包括滑坡、崩塌、泥石流,它们制约着地表工程的建设和运营安全;高地温、高地应力和岩溶突水等又是控制地下工程规划建设的瓶颈。文中从地质环境演化过程的内外动力作用入手,简要地总结了中国西南泛亚大通道规划和建设过程中可能遇到的地质灾害和重大工程地质问题,并探讨了上述问题的研究途径。

As an important energy and transportation highway from Southwest China to Southeast Asia, the great southwest highway that will be planned and constructed for future has important economic and strategic significance. Being located in the southern part of Hengduanshan Range with complex environmental condition, the highway area has complex landform and geological structures, and intensive neotectonic activity. The complex geological environment leads to recurrent multiple geohazards. Engineering construction needs to take into consideration of the high earth temperature, the high crustal stress, and the karst water. Based on the analysis of endogenic and exogenic geological process, the possible geohazard and engineering geological problems in the area from Southwest China to Southeast Asia are summarized, and the research strategy is discussed in the paper.