对我国沉默权制度的构想

The Visualization of the Right to Silence in China

由于受到各种因素的制约,特别是由于我国传统法律文化的影响,中国目前仍然没有从立法上确立这项制度。尤其是在刑事诉讼法修改工作开始后,关于沉默权制度确立的问题已经成为我国法学界的热点问题,学者们从不同的方面分析和论述这个问题。本文中,笔者首先对沉默权产生和发展的历史过程进行了粗线条式的描述,揭示了沉默权发展演变的基本线索和历史条件。而后,分析了我国的实际情况,从两个方面即沉默权制度确立的必要性和沉默权制度确立的可行性,回答了我国是否应当确立沉默权制度的问题。最后,笔者就根据我国的具体情况,提出了在我国确立沉默权制度的具体构想,包括我国所确立的沉默权制度应该选择何种立法模式,以及应该从哪些方面为沉默权制度的确立扫清障碍,得出了沉默权制度在中国的确立是历史发展的必然的结论。

Restricted by various factors, especially by its traditional law culture, China has still not established this system legally. What is more, after the amendment of the criminal law began, the establishment of such a right has become a heated question in the law field. Scholars have analyzed and discussed on it from different views. In this paper, the writer presents, in the first part, summarized description of the history about its emergence and development, and indicates the basic progress and historical condition for its evolution. In the following part, the writer analyzes whether China should establish this system in two aspects - the necessity and the feasibility of its establishment. Finally, based on the specific situation in our country, the writer puts forward detailed proposal for its establishment, including the model for its establishment and how the obstacles for the establishment can be removed, resulting from which, it is concluded that the establishment of right to silence is inevitable with the development of history.