论科学的人文目的

On the Humanistic Aims of Science

纵观科学史,不仅科学求真之目的本身具有极强的人文意蕴,而且科学还常常被用于解决人文领域的问题。科学的人文目的在不同的历史阶段具有不同的内容和特点:古希腊科学力图克服文化冲突,并通过探求真理来实现超感性领域的幸福。近代科学致力于宗教的人性化和民众的启蒙,并根据取代上帝权威的自然理性的要求来变革现实世界。现代科学试图在理想与现实的追求之间保持张力,孕育开放、互补的文化氛围,促进世界上不同民族与文化的和谐发展。科学的人文目的充分反映了科学与人文间的紧密关联和积极互动,并为理解"科学求真之目的"提供了必不可少的文化背景。

Throughout the entire history of science,science not only aims at the truth,which deeply involves the humanistic meaning,but also is applied to the problems in humanities.The humanistic aims of science have different contents and characters in the different periods of history: Greek Science devoted to conquer the cultural conflicts in reality,and realize the metaphysical happiness by the pursuit of truth.Science in Early Modern dedicated to humanize the religion and enlighten citizens' mind,and transform the reality in terms of the natural reason which gained the cultural authority the God ever had.Science in Late Modern attempted to keep a proper tension between the utilitarian aim and ideal aim,and cultivate the open and complementary culture atmosphere,so as to enhance the harmonious development of different cultures and nations.The humanistic aims of science evidently show the intimate relationship and positive interaction between science and humanities,and also constitute the indispensable culture context to comprehend the pursuit of truth in science.