杨凌地表水对蚕豆根尖细胞微核的影响

Effects of Yangling Surface Water on Frequency of Micronucleus in Root-tip Cell of Vicia faba

目的了解杨凌示范区主要地表水(河流、水渠)的污染状况。方法于2005年3月12日采集杨凌段的渭河、高干渠、渭惠渠、后河的水样,将各采样点水样分别配置为原液、50%原液和25%原液3个浓度,共分12个处理组。分别进行蚕豆幼芽培养试验和蚕豆根尖细胞微核试验,计算各处理组蚕豆尖细胞微核率和污染指数(PI),对相应水体的污染程度进行评价。结果蚕豆幼芽培养试验的各处理组结果总体上不能直接反映出相应地区水样的污染水平。其中,渭河水样的稀释处理组反而会抑制蚕豆的出芽,渭惠渠和高干渠的水样处理组基本能够反映出浓度变化与污染水平的关系,浓度越大,蚕豆幼芽发育越差。渭河原液组、高干渠原液、高干渠50%原液组、渭惠渠和后河的原液、50%原液、25%原液组蚕豆根尖细胞微核率均高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。污染水平由低到高依次为:渭河<渭惠渠<高干渠<后河。高干渠、后河的原液和50%原液组、渭惠渠原液组均为重污染,渭河25%和50%原液组、高干渠25%原液组为基本无污染。结论该地区地表水存在一定致突变性,且部分水样污染较为严重。

Objective To study basically the toxicity of Yangling surface water. Methods Research the toxicities of the water samples through seedling cultivation experiment and the micronucleus test of Vicia faba root tip cell with original wastewater, diluted by 50% and diluted by 25%. Results The results showed that the water had mutagenesis ability, meanwhile, there was a significant dose-response relationship between the amount of micronucleus and water concentration. And the results showed that Houhe pollution is the worst, then Gaogan River and Weihui River were next, and Wei River is the last. Conclusion The surface water of the investigated area has some potential adverse effects on the health of local people and land irrigation, so more attention should paid to the control and management of contamination.