精子质量参数分析的标准化与质量控制的研究进展

Advances in Standardization and Quality Control for the Analysis of Sperm Quality Parameters

精液分析是评价男性生育能力的最基本测试。最近几年,对精液分析标准化的迫切需求已引起男科学家的广泛重视。本文对精子质量参数———精子密度、活动率和形态学分析的标准化及质量控制进行了综述。精子密度分析的关键是计数池的标准化,因此Cell-VU计数池应该是最佳的选择;精子活动率和精子形态学的分析由于主观性太强,CASA系统可能是其标准化的最终选择。精液质量参数分析的质量控制主要是质量控制材料的选择,以及在男科学实验室实施EQC和IQC项目,而一些监测质量控制的图表和计算方法应被相应地建立。

Semen analysis is a basic test to evaluate male reproductive function. In recent years, urgent needs for the standardization of semen analysis have been emphasized among andrologists worldwide. This review discusses the standardization and quality control （QC） for the analysis of sperm quality parameters, including sperm concentration, motility and morphology. The key to sperm concentration analysis is the standardization of sperm-counting chamber, thus Cell-VU chamber may be the first choice. The analysis of sperm motility and morphology is too subjective to be reliable. Therefore, the computer-aided semen analysis （CASA） system may be the final selection. QC of semen analysis mainly lies in the selection of QC materials and the administration of external QC and internal QC. Meanwhile, the charts and arithmetic methods should be established to monitor QC of semen analysis.