原子转移自由基聚合在制备水溶性聚合物中的应用

Preparation of Water-soluble Polymers by ATRP:the State of the Art

水溶性聚合物在工业、农业、医药等领域都有着广泛用途,但随着对水溶性聚合物精细化的要求,寻找新的结构可控的合成方法已成为迫切需求。而利用原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)则可能得到分子量可控、分子量分布窄的水溶性聚合物。本文主要讨论了利用ATRP合成水溶性聚合物过程中单体、引发剂、催化剂、溶剂、反应温度和时间的影响,并结合聚丙烯酸类、聚丙烯酰胺类以及聚苯乙烯和聚丙烯酸酯的衍生物等具体实例加以了分析。

Water-soluble polymers have been widely used in industry, agriculture and medicine. However, novel techniques with structural controllability are demanded to meet the requirements for developing fine water-soluble polymers. Water-soluble polymers with controllable molecular weight and narrow molecular weight can be obtained from atomic transfer radical polymerization （ATRP）. Presented in this paper are the parameters influencing ATRP for preparing water-soluble polymers, such as monomer, initiator, catalyst, solvent, temperature and time, and detailed examples of water-soluble polymers, polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, derivatives of polystyrene and polyacrylate which were prepared by ATRP.