全要素生产率与区域工业的和谐快速发展——基于1995～2004年28个省市大中型工业的非参数生产前沿分析

TFP and Analysis on the Sources and Convergences of Regional Industries——Nonparametric Production Frontier Model on the Large and Medium Sized Industrial Firms in the 28 Provinces in China during 1995 to 2004

文章采用Malmquist指数和DEA技术，研究中国28个省市地区大中型工业增长的动力以及地区间的发展差距，分析发现在1995～2004年期间：（1）整体而言，全要素生产率（TFP）增长已经成为中国大中型工业快速增长的核心动力，特别是技术进步和规模效率的改善对产出增长的贡献日渐突出，相反，要素投入对产出增长的贡献逐渐减弱；（2）地区之间发展的差距依然显著，但无论是人均产出还是增长速度，地区之间的差距在逐渐缩小；（3）随着中国工业经济的快速增长，TFP对缩小地区间工业发展差距的作用越显突出，资本要素的作用并不明显；（4）全要素生产率快速增长的四大因素：竞争、全球化和外商投资、民营化改革，以及经济扩张期。因此，文章认为全要素生产率增长，已成为区域经济和谐快速发展的中坚力号。

By Malmquist productivity index and DEA technique, this paper studies the sources and convergence of regional large and medium sized industries in 28 provinces during 1995 to 2004. It finds that. （1）as a whole, TFP growth has been becoming the vital drive of Chinese LMS firms, especially the technological progress and scale economy contribute greatly to the ourput growth. However, factor accumulation＇s contribution is declining; （2）There is still a large gap in regional development, but the gap is narrowing down not only in labor productivity but also in growth rate; （3） Along with Chinese industrial fast growth,TFP plays more important roles in narrowing down gap among regional industrial development than capital accumulation; （4） four factors contribute to TFP growth, competition, globalization, FDI and property right reform. In a word, this paper suggests that TFP growth is becoming the main resource of regional economy growth and convergence.