国际视野中的CSCL研究与发展的十个主题——访CSCL研究国际著名专家皮埃尔·狄隆伯格教授

International View:CSCL and Its Ten Issues of Research and Development——Interview Prof.Dr.Pierre Dillenbourg

国际学习科学协会(ISLS)前主席,皮埃尔.狄隆伯格(Pierre Dillenbourg)教授是瑞士洛桑联邦理工大学(EPFL)培训及其技术研究与支持中心(CRAFT)的主任,也是《计算机支持的协作学习丛书》(CSCL Book Series)的主编。本次访谈为中国读者提供了一个关于计算机支持的协作学习(CSCL)的研究与发展概要。狄隆伯格教授认为,CSCL的贡献不仅在于为专业培训领域提供了增进知识生产的学习技术,更在于其所包含的一系列的概念、思想和取向等对整个教育系统的渗透。协作学习,无论有没有计算机,都不是一个可以自动导致预期学习结果的处方。CSCL研究者已经研究了导致小组(或团队)生产积极学习结果的必要互动类型,并将技术运用于设计、研究和增进必要的互动。应当从一个"整合的学习"的视角认识CSCL,可以借助对情节的设计和不同工具的支持,将CSCL活动嵌入到正式或非正式学习场景更为综合的活动系列中。与此相应,CSCL研究者提出了十个方面的研究主题:即社会互动与个人化、媒体有效性、共享知识的建构、模仿倾向、中介作用、脚本、互动分析、表征、计算装置和虚拟共同体。

Editorial： Professor Dr. Pierre Dillenbourg is the director of Center for Research and Support of Training and Its Technologies, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne （ Switzerland ） ; the editor of Computer - Supported Collaborative Learning Book Series and the former president of the International Society for Learning Sciences. This interviewing report provides readers of China with a summary of research and development in the field of computersupported collaborative learning （ CSCL）. Prof. Pierre Dillenbourg argues that the contributions of CSCL comprise not only lerning technologies redounding to knowledge - production for professional training, but a set of concepts, ideas, approaches or controversies which will and now percolate through the educational system. Collaborative learning, with or without computer, is not a recipe that automatically leads to expected learning outcomes. CSCL researchers have explored the types of interaction which are necessary in a team in order to produce positive learning outcomes, and they have used technologies to design, research and enhance these necessary interactions. For the further research and development of the field of CSCL, a broad vision of the ＂integrated learning＂ should be strongly recommended. Both in formal and informal learning settings, CSCL activities can be embedded in more comprehensive sets of activities, and can be supported with multiple tools. Correspondingly, CSCL researchers have addressed 10 issues： social interactions versus individualization, media effectiveness, the construction of shared knowledge, the imitation bias, mediation, scripts, interaction analysis and representations, new computing objects and virtual communities.