关于现代汉语致使态的思考

Thoughts on the Causative Voice in Modern Chinese

本文从语态的角度把致使分为主动态、被动态和致使态,认为致使意义应从逻辑因果意义中剥离出来,致使态包含于致使。全文对致使和致使态的语法意义和形式特征作出分析,从而确定致使态的定义和内涵,提出致使态是表示述题以使动方式描述主题为动作原因运作情况的语态,它具有致使原因、致使对象和致使结果三要素。在表达致使义强度上,致使态与非致使态以及致使态内部都呈现出明显的连续统状态。

From the point of view of the voice, causatives, which should be separated from the causation logically, can be divided into three parts： active voice, passive voice anti caubarive voice. Causatives include causative voice. This paper analyzes grammatical meanings and constructional characteristics of causatives and causative voice, and thus determines the defi- nition and intension of the causative voice. In our point of view, causative voice is the voice in which the topic is the cause and the state of the action and the comment demonstrates the topic in the way of the causatives. A typical causative voice has three elements, the cause, the object and the effect. In the respect of causative intensity, causative voice and non-causative voice or different types of causative sentences present an apparent continuum.