种子玉米籽粒果柄断裂机理试验研究

Experimental study on breaking mechanism of kernel stem of corn seed

为降低种子玉米脱粒过程中的机械损伤,掌握种子玉米籽粒果柄的断裂机理,该文对不同品种、不同籽粒含水率、不同施力方式下的种子玉米籽粒果柄断裂特性进行了分析,试验结果表明:随籽粒含水率的增大,果柄抗压强度、抗弯强度、抗剪强度都减小,但抗拉强度增大;压力施力方式对果柄断裂力的影响程度最大,剪切力施力方式对果柄断裂力的影响程度最小;在同一分离方式下,不同品种玉米粒穗分离的难易程度不同。从而为玉米种子低损伤脱粒方式及部件研究和脱粒系统设计提供依据。

For reducing mechanical damage of corn seed in the process of threshing and mastering breaking mechanism of kernel stem of corn seed, the breaking properties of single kernel stem of corn seed under various varieties and various inflicting force manners and various moisture content were analyzed in this paper. Experimental researches show that resisting pressing intensity and resisting cutting intensity will decrease with the increase of kernel moisture content, however resisting bending intensity and resisting pulling intensity will increase with the increase of kernel moisture content; the separating manner of press has a largest impact on breaking force of kernel stem and the separating manner of cutting force has a least impact on breaking force of kernel stem; under the same separating manner, the separating properties of corn seed of different varieties were different. It contributes to provide a foundation for the choice of threshing component and the design of threshing system with little damage.