江苏省集约化养殖畜禽粪便盐分含量及分布特征分析

Salinity contents and distribution of dry animal manures on intensified-farms in Jiangsu Province

该文针对目前畜禽粪便中盐分含量较高、在农用过程中可能对农田土壤次生盐渍化构成威胁等问题,在江苏省采集和分析了150家养殖场（户）的180个畜禽粪便样品中的盐分含量,比较了不同畜禽种类以及不同区域之间粪便盐分含量的差异。研究结果表明,江苏省畜禽粪便中盐分含量（干粪）平均值为9.7 g/kg,检出范围1.8～24.2 g/kg;不同畜禽种类粪便中盐分含量为鸡粪（14.8 g/kg）〉猪粪（8.1 g/kg）〉牛粪（6.0 g/kg）,三者之间差异达到显著水平（p〈0.05）;蛋鸡粪盐分含量（16.7 g/kg）显著高于肉鸡粪（12.0 g/kg）;江苏省盐分含量环境背景值较高的沿海地区、徐淮地区猪粪、鸡粪中盐分含量显著高于盐分含量环境背景值较低的苏锡常地区、沿江地区。因此,在施用盐分含量较高的畜禽粪便以及在盐分含量环境背景值较高的地区施用畜禽粪便时,应关注畜禽粪便施用对农田土壤次生盐渍化的影响。

There is high salinity in dry animal manures and application of the animal manures on cropland would pose soil salinisation risk. In this study, 180 animal manure samples were collected from 150 farms in Jiangsu Province and analyzed to determine and compare their salinity in different animal species and different regions. Manure salinity ranged from 1.8 g/kg dw（dry weight） to 24.2 g/kg dw with a mean of 9.7 g/kg dw. The salinity of chicken manure（a mean of 14.8 g/kg dw） was statistically higher than that of pig manure（a mean of 8.1 g/kg dw） and the salinity of pig manure was statistically higher than that of dairy cattle manure （a mean of 6.0 g/kg dw）. The salinity of layer chicken manure（a mean of 16.7 g/kg dw） was statistically higher than that of broiler chicken manure（a mean of 12.0 g/kg dw）. There was an obvious tendency on different samples that salinity in pig and chicken manures increased with the increase of the background values of environmental salinity. So soil salinisation risk should be paid more attention on application of high salinity manures and application of animal manure in regions of high environmental salinity background values.