从八思巴字对音看《蒙古字韵》的“寒”韵——兼论《中原音韵》的桓欢韵及其在近代汉语中的语音性质

Study on the Han Rhyme in Menggu Ziyun from the Translation of hPags-pa Script Documents into Chinese

《中原音韵》的桓欢韵,在《蒙古字韵》中是"八寒"韵的一部分,其韵母标为on,主元音是o,与寒山韵的主元音a形成明显的对立。但从音理上讲,大中原地区不可能出现独立桓欢韵的圆唇主元音,所以《蒙古字韵》中on的实际音值当为un。但从八思巴字的体系来看,o不可能作介音,我们认为这是由于不同语言(或文字体系所反映)的元音系统构型不同,对译时因没有相当的音位,而取相对音近的成分替代造成的后果。

The Huanhuan Rhyme in Zhongyuan Yinyun is part of the Han Rhyme in Menggu Ziyun. The Huanhuan Rhyme is identified as on with o as the neuclear which is in sharp contact with a of the HanshanRhyme. But, theoretically speaking, the fact is not in aaccordance with the historical development of vowels in Chinese. Based on the study of hPags-pa Script documents, the paper concludes that the phonetic value of on in Menggu Ziyun is uan. The reason why o corresponds to ua lies in the disparity in vowed configuration of Chinese and hPags-pa Script documents.