地铁工程施工事故与风险管理

Construction Failures and Risk Management of Subway Projects

参考国际隧道协会所建议的分级系统,将2001—2006年间在亚太地区地铁工程施工期间所发生的43个事故,依其后果的严重性分级,以作为发展地下工程风险管理的基础。纳入考量的项目包括人员伤亡、经济损失及对民众生活的影响、工期的延误,以及对交通的影响。并以新加坡政府在尼诰大道灾变后所采取的一连串措施为例,列出地下工程风险管理的要素,勾画出地铁风险管理制度的基本架构。

This paper compiles the 43 failures in underground MRT constructions in the period between 2001 and 2006 in the AsiaPacific region and classifies them in accordance with their causes of failure and consequences with the ultimate goal of developing a system for managing risks involved in underground constructions. Basically, the classification system recommended by International Tunnelling Association is adopted for the purpose. The factors included in consideration are fatalities and injuries, economic loss and impact to the public, delay to project schedule, and impact to traffic. The general principles of risk management for underground works are outlined following the recommendations made by the Independent Committee of Inquiry and the actions taken by the Singapore government subsequent to the catastrophic failure of the Nicoll Highway during the construction of the Circle Line in the year 2004.