温度、光辐射及水分对温室甜瓜幼苗干物质积累与分配的影响及其模拟模型

Effects of air temperature,solar radiation and soil water on dry matter accumulation and allocation of greenhouse muskmelon seedlings and related simulation models.

利用分期播种法和灌溉上限法,研究了温度、光辐射和水分等环境因子对温室甜瓜幼苗植株干物质积累与分配的影响,并基于积温学原理,综合环境其他因子,模拟建立了甜瓜幼苗受有效积温、日温差积累、光辐射积累等多因子驱动的干物质积累与分配模型.结果表明:周年不同播期,随着有效积温、光辐射积累及不同灌溉水分上限的变化,甜瓜幼苗期植株干物质积累和分配分别呈指数函数和二次抛物线函数变化,但不同播期及水分处理函数常数不同.综合分析认为,干物质积累和分配模型分别为有效积温驱动下的指数函数和二次抛物线函数,常数项均由日温差积累和光辐射积累驱动,它们之间为一次函数关系.验证结果表明,该模型能较为真实、客观地模拟植株干物质积累与分配变化过程,对甜瓜苗期生长分析与生产管理具有应用价值.

With different sowing dates and irrigation upper limits, the effects of air temperature, solar radiation and soil water on the dry matter accumulation and allocation of greenhouse muskmelon seedlings were studied, with related simulation models established. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation and allocation of the seedlings had correlations with the changes of effective accumulative temperature, accumulative solar radiation, and irrigation upper limits at different seasons in a year, but the correlation coefficients differed with sowing dates and irrigation upper limits. Comprehensive analysis showed that the dry matter accumulation model was an exponential function, while the dry matter allocation model was a conic function, both of which were driven by effective accumulative temperature. The constant term in the functions was driven by accumulative daily temperature difference and accumulative solar radiation, and the correlation was a linear function. Model test showed that the models were able to objectively simulate and predict the changes of plant dry matter accumulation and allocation, and possessed practical value for the growth analysis and production management of muskmelon seedling.