153例终末期肾病维持性血液透析患者生存率及死亡原因分析

Analysis of survival rate and cause of death in 153 cases of maintenance hemodialysis

[背景]回顾性分析2000年1月—2006年12月间的153例终末期肾病维持性血液透析(MHD)患者的生存率及死亡原因.[病例报告]对153例终末期肾病MHD患者的年龄和原发病对生存率的影响及死亡原因进行分析,3、5年生存率分别为42.5%,37.3%;50岁以上患者生存率低于50岁以下者;糖尿病性肾病生存率最低,3年生存率为31.7%.33例死亡患者死亡原因中心力衰竭为17例,脑血管意外为13例,感染、消化道出血及肿瘤各为1例;合并营养不良者为26例.[讨论]终末期肾病MHD患者生存率随年龄的增长而降低,糖尿病性肾病及营养不良是影响生存率的高危因素,主要死亡原因为心力衰竭和脑血管意外.

BACKGROUND To analyse the survival rate and cause of death in the patients of end stage renal disease （ESRD） with maintenance hemodialysis （MHD）. CASE REPORTS 153 cases of MHD were enrolled in this retrospective study. The relationship between age, sex and primary diseases for ESRD and the survival rate or cause of death were analyzed. The 3 years and 5 years of survival rate were 42.5 % and 37.6 % , respectively, and the survival rate was lower in the group of over 50-year-old than under 50. Diabetic nephropathy had the lowest survival rate of 3 years （31.7%）. Malnutrition occupied 78.8% in 33 cases of death patient. Out of causes of death of 33 cases, heart failure was 17 cases, cerebrovascular accident was 13 cases, infection, alimentary tract hemorrhage and cancer were 1 case, respectively, and complicated malnutrition was 26 cases. DISCUSSION The survival rate in the patients of ESRD with MHD decreased along with age, diabetic nephropathy and malnutrition was high risk factors for survival, and heart failure and cerebrovascular accident was the major causes of death.