论两汉时期的水灾与赈济

On the flood and Relief in Han Dynasty

两汉时期,水灾频繁,史书明确记载的有92次,平均每4年多就发生一次,给人民的生命财产安全带来巨大的危害。关于汉代水灾的成因,有溃决型、漫溢型、降雨型、海啸型和山洪型等类型。在水灾发生后,两汉政府采取了一系列赈济措施,主要有减免赋税、赈贷、移民就食、死亡赈济、灾后补种和节约开支等。以此缓和矛盾,保障民生,维护统治。

The flood occurred very frequently in Han dynasty, there are 92 times flood, take place in more than every 4 years. It brought immense damage to the life and property of people. The causes of flood formed include： embankment were breached, embank- ment were flooded, rain, tidal wave and mountain torrent, etc. The Han dynasty government took a series of measures after the flood, the main content were reduction for rent, loan, immigration, remedying crops, relief for casualties and Economic on expense, etc. So as to reach the aim of relaxing domination, safeguarding rule and ensuring the life of people.