脱中入西,面向世界——谈中国近代书院教育发展变迁的意义

Detach from China and Add in Western,Face to the World——On the Significance of the Academy Education Development and Changes

为了深入研究中国近代教育发展变迁的意义,就必须完整地了解剧变(鸦片战争)前的书院发展及清廷政策与教育内涵。清廷藉由禁设书院和转化书院等手段,使书院丧失了成立的精神而趋于官学化,这也导致了书院教育的覆亡。而民办书院对书院精神的提倡,是保存和发扬书院教育的最好的方式,也对与世界教育的接轨产生了良性的互动。

In order to study the significance of the development and changes of the Chinese academies education in modern times in China,people must understand comprehensively and deeply the development of Chinese ancient academy and the connotation of the policy of the Qing Court.The Qing Court took the measures from forbidding the ancient academies to transforming them.Thus,the academies have lost their spirit when they were founded,while they have tendency of becoming official schools.In the end,these measures lead to perish of the academy education.But the non-governmental academies,which advocated the spirit of the ancient academy,were the best way of preserve and carry forward the academy education,thus these academies can generate benign interaction on the connection with the world education.