沈从文湘西世界中的狂欢化倾向

The Carnival Inclination in Shen Cong-wen's Western Hunan World

现代文学研究中以"牧歌"来概括沈从文创作风格。但是,沈从文笔下的湘西世界充满着动荡、躁动和不安,形成了有别于传统"牧歌"审美价值的"狂欢"世界。呈现了节庆、婚嫁和丰收等富有民族特色的嬉闹杂耍的狂欢场面;建构了以生死和肉体为核心的狂欢化意象;通过回环的叙事模式、双重的叙事空间及诙谐语言和咒骂语言构筑了鲜明的狂欢式话语系统。沈从文笔下的湘西世界应和了巴赫金的"狂欢"理论,指认着获得民族和文化认同的乡土"类狂欢"形态。

In modern literature research,＂pastoral＂ is the term used to define Shen Cong-wen＇s writing style.However,the western Hunan world,filled with turbulence,agitation and unrest,is a world of carnival embodying aesthetic values different from those of traditional pastorals.In Shen＇s writings,there＇re varied carnival scenes of ethnic flavor,festivals,weddings and harvests,for instance.Besides,Shen presents carnival images with death,life and the human body at the core and constructs distinctive carnival discourse by means of revolving narrations,dual narration space and jocular and abusive words.In Shen＇s writings,the westen Hunan world,as a reflection of the ＂carnival＂ theory proposed by Bakhtin,describes the rural ＂quasi-carnival＂ state of being of ethnic and cultural identities.