洋务派民用企业经营效果及探因

An Exploration of the Economic Inefficiency of the Private Enterprises by Officials of the "Foreign Enterprises Movement' and its Causes

在洋务运动中,洋务派官僚开办了一大批民用工交企业,这些企业的经营或没有经济效果,或经济效果极差,或前期效果尚可而后期效果变差,或有效果但经济效果大大低于同类外国在华企业。洋务派民用企业经营效果不佳的根本原因是由落后的封建生产关系造成的,这为后人提供了深刻的历史教训。

The officials advocating the “Foreign Enterprises Movement” set up a large number of private enterprises in industry and transportation. The operation results of those enterprises fell into four categories： no economic benefits, very poor eco- nomic benefits, moderate economic benefits in the early period but poor in the later stage, and fair benefits but substantially lower than those of foreign-funded enterprises in China of the same period. The fundamental cause for the inefficiency of the enterprises was the backward feudal relations of production which offers us a profound historical lesson.