聚氨酯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料力学性能研究

Study on the mechanics properties of polyurethane/montmorillonite nano-composites

采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为插层剂,国产钠基蒙脱土为原料,制备得到了有机蒙脱土。以聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)为软段,2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)为硬段,3,3’-二氯-4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷(MOCA)为扩链剂,采用原位聚合的工艺路线制备出不同硬段比例和有机蒙脱土含量的聚氨酯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料。通过正交设计实验考察了nNCO/nOH,MOCA扩链系数及有机蒙脱土含量等因素对聚氨酯弹性体力学性能的影响。结果表明,有机蒙脱土的含量对聚氨酯拉伸强度可产生较大影响,当其含量为3%,nNCO/nOH=2.15,MOCA扩链系数为0.9时,拉伸强度为20.9 MPa;nNCO/nOH对聚氨酯的断裂伸长率影响较大,当蒙脱土含量为3%,nNCO/nOH=2.1,MOCA扩链系数为0.8时,断裂伸长率可达435%。

Organic montmorillonite is made first with cetyltrimethylammollillm bromide as the intercalative and Na-montmorillonite as raw materials. Taking PTMG as the soft segment, TDI as the hard segment and MOCA as the chain extender, polyurethane/montmorillonite nano-composite with different hard segment and organic montmorillonite is prepared by means of one step polymeric technique. To test the effects of nNCO/nOH, MOCA chain extend coefficients and organic montmorillonite content on the mechanical properties of the polyurethane elastomer, the orthogonal experiments is carried out and the results show that the influence of organic montmorillonite content on tensile strength of polyurethane is the strongest： when its content is 3%, nNCO/nOH=2. 15 and MOCA chain extend coefficient is 0. 9, the tensile strength of polyurethane is up to 20. 9 MPa; The influence of nNCO/nOH content on elongation to break of polyurethane is the strongest while the organic montmorillonite is 3%, nNCO/nOH= 2. 1, MOCA chain extend coefficient is 0. 8, the elongation to break of polyurethane is up to 435 %.