膜分离技术在海洋生物活性物质分离纯化中的应用

Application of membrane separation technology in separation and purification of marine biomaterials

海洋生物活性物质的研究过程中,分离提取是关键步骤之一.海洋生物种类繁多,但其含量低微,提取技术有很多,如沉淀、结晶、吸附、萃取、膜法和离子交换等.膜分离技术具有设备简单,常温操作,无相变及化学变化,选择性高及能耗低等优点,作为一门新型分离技术日益受到人们的重视.选择适当分离膜、操作参数和操作模式,即可实现活性物质的浓缩、分离与纯化.特别适用于热敏性物质和生物活性物质的处理,因而在海洋天然产物有效成份分离提取中有着极为广阔的应用前景.笔者将近年来国内膜分离技术在分离纯化海洋生物活性物质中应用的最新研究进展作较为详细的介绍.

Separation and abstracting process is one of the key steps during investigation of marine biomaterials.The kinds of the marine biomaterials are various,but their contents are very low.There are a lot of separation and abstracting technologies,such as precipitation,crystallization,adsorption,extraction,membrane separation ion-exchange and so on.Membrane separation technology has attracted great attention due to its advantages such as simple equipment,room temperature operation,non-phase change,high selectivity and low energy cost.The concentration,separation and purification of biomaterials could be achieved by using this technology through choosing proper membrane,process parameters and mode.As membrane separation technology is especially suitable for the treatment of both thermosensitive materials and biomaterials,it has a very capacious application perspective for the separation and abstracting of effective contents in marine biomaterials.The recent application advancement of membrane separation technology in separation and purification of the marine biomaterials is introduced in detail in this paper.