藩镇节度使——唐军事变革的产物

The Military Governor—A Product of the Military Reform in Tang Dynasty

中外学者从政治、经济、阶级、兵役制度等多个角度对唐藩镇节度使产生的原因进行了深入探讨,而从唐军事战备变革的角度来看,藩镇节度使则是军事进攻战略向军事防御战略变革的产物。藩镇节度使掌握地方兵权,是出于对游牧民族骑兵飘忽不定地袭扰进行战略防御的需要;藩镇节度使掌握地方财政大权,是减轻中央财政压力,解决边防驻军后勤供应的需要;藩镇节度使拥有地方行政权,是更有效地执行军事防御战略任务的需要。

Chinese and foreign scholars have made an in-depth exploration of the reasons for the emergence of the military governor from the perspectives of politics, economy, class and military service system. From the perspective of the military reform in Tang Dynasty, the military governor was a product of the shift from military offensive strategy to military defense strategy. The military governor held the local military power and took strategic defense against the constant attacks from nomadic cavalry. The military governor also held the local financial power, whose responsibilities were to relieve the central financial pressure and deal with the rear supply of frontier force. Furthermore, the military governor held the local administrative power, which enabled him to implement his military defense strategies.