聚丙烯腈原液膜的制备和性能

Study of a New Membrane Made of Polyacrylonitrile Spinning Solution

以溶液聚合的聚丙烯腈原液为铸模液，研究了溶液铸膜法工艺参数：铸膜液温度、凝胶水温度、铸膜液浓度等对膜性能的影响。结果表明，不存在蒸发时间的影响以及不需调整原液的组分和浓度是聚丙烯腈原液膜区别于其它膜制作技术的显著特点。调节有关制膜工艺参数即可获得特定用途的超滤分离膜。在具有三层结构、平均孔径为５ｎｍ的聚丙烯腈原液干膜上复合了聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）的ＰＶＡ／ＰＡＮ复合膜，分离醇水溶液的渗透汽化（ＰＶ）性能优良。用扫描电子显微镜观察了聚丙烯腈原液膜的形态结构，表明膜的结构与膜性能一致。

The effects of the process parameters for the solution castiog technology, such as temperature of castiog solution, temperature of coagulation bath, concentration of casting solution, etc. on membrane performances were studied with polyacrylonitrile spinning solution (PAN-SS) through the solution polymerization. It was indicated that productive process of PAN-SS membrane possesses remarked features in no evaporation step, no needing to adjust the spinning solution concentration in comparision with that of other's. The PAN-SS membrane for different usage can be acquired by changing related process parameter. The PVA/PAN composite membrane supported by the PAN-SS dry membrane with three-layer, 5nm of average pore size manifested superior pervaporation performance in separating alcohol aqueous solution. The morphology of the PAN-SS membrane was abserved by SEM, which corroborated the uniformity of structure and performance of the PAN-SS membrane.