0～3岁流动儿童保健状况调查

Study on health status of temporal residents under 3 years old in Shanghai

目的：分析上海市流动人口儿童保健状况，为相关部门改善儿童保健工作提供科学依据。方法：采用分层整群抽样原则、1：1对照研究方法，在上海市宝山和虹口两区随机抽取3岁以下儿童，其中宝山180名，男、女童各90人，虹口180人，男童98人、女童82人，分0～、1～、2～3岁3个年龄组，共计360名上海和外来流动儿童。采用统一调查表格就儿童的定期体检、营养性疾病、五官保健、意外伤害等儿童保健内容进行调查。结果：流动儿童体检未建卡率较上海儿童高（P〈0．01），且1岁后建卡率高，占15．5％；体重、身高评价超过第50百分位的比例，上海儿童比流动儿童高；上海儿童完成“4·2·1”体检的比例高于流动儿童，分别占84．3％和35．5％，两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；流动儿童患有多种营养性疾病的比例高于上海儿童；流动儿童上呼吸道感染发病比上海儿童高。结论：流动儿童保健状况不及上海儿童，应采取相应措施，加强对流动儿童的保健管理，促进其健康成长。

Objective： To study the health status of temporal residents under 3 - year - old in Shanghai and provide valid measures for children＇s health care. Methods： 180 childem in Baoshan （90 boys and 90 girls） and 180 childem in Hongkou （98 boys and 82 girls） randomly selected were divided into three age groups ： 0 -, 1 -, 2 - 3 years old. Data of regular physical examination, trophonosis, five sensory organs diseases and accidents were investigated by questionnaire. Results： The floating children had no recorded card was more than resident children （P 〈 0. 01 ） , and more children aged over 1 year old had recorded card, accounting for 15.5%. Shanghai resident children with more than 50% of weight and height value were more than floating children. The rate of completing ＂4 · 2 · 1＂ examination in resident children were higher than that in floating children （84. 3% vs 35.5% ） （P 〈 0. 01 ） . The rate of trophonosis in floating children was higher than that in resident ones, the attack of upper respiratory infection in floating children was higher than that in resident ones. Conclusion： An effective measures should be taken to improve the manegement of children temporal residents and more attention should be paid to these vulnerable children.