医护人员工作倦怠及其与社会支持的关系

The Relationship of Social Support with Job Burnout of Medical Staff

目的调查和分析医护人员工作倦怠的现状、影响因素及其与社会支持的关系。方法采用Maslach倦怠量表、社会支持量表,对武汉2家、深圳1家医院共252名医护人员进行调查。结果①分别有69.9%和65.8%的医护人员有中、重度的情绪衰竭和缺乏人情味,45.8%的人成就感低。②工作倦怠不受性别、受教育程度、职称、医护、科室等量表的影响,但婚姻状况、是否值夜班会影响个体的倦怠。③不同医院员工的情绪衰竭不同,缺乏人情味和个人成就感无差异。④倦怠与社会支持有一定关系,倦怠各维度的影响因素有所不同。结论医护人员有一定程度的工作倦怠现象,应从组织、人际、工作特征等层面预防和缓解倦怠。

Objectives To investigate the job burnout of medical staff and explore its inffuencing iactors and relationship with social support. Methods 252 participants, who came from two hospitals from Wuhan and one hospital from Shenzhen, completed questionnaires that include MBI - HSS and perceived social support scales. Results （1） 69.9% and 65.8% participants got moderate or high scores on Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization, respectively; only 45.8% felt low Personal Accomplishment. （2） Factors influencing job burnout of participants included marital status and working at night, while other factors such as sex, educational background, title, occupation and department had little effects on job burnout. （3） Only Emotional Exhaustion was the difference between different hospitals. （4） Job burnout was related with social support and factors influencing three dimensions of burnout were different. Conclusions Our present study indicates that medical staff is experiencing burnout to some extent. Prevention and intervention methods should be made from organizational, interpersonal and lob characteristics facets,