古代梓、楸考异

Distinguishing Catalpa ovata and Catalpa bungei in Ancient China

梓和楸的关系问题历史上曾有不同的看法,一种观点认为古代二者指同一种树,另一种观点则认为是不同的树。文章通过考察古代典籍发现,在得名上梓源于"子",楸得名于"秋",古人以是否有子来区分梓和楸;在栽培方法上梓树采用播种育苗,楸树采用插根育苗;在用途上两树虽有某些相同之处,但区别也很明显;在文化意蕴上二者各有特色。由此文章认为古代梓树和楸树是两种不同的树。

There have been different opinions about the relationship between Catalpa ovata and Catalpa bungei in the history of Chinese language. Someone believed that they belong to the same species of tree, while others hold different opinion. This paper finds out that there are four completely different aspects between this two species of tree by studying Chinese ancient books. The first is that C. ovata named from Zi（子） but C. bungei from autumn. The second is that C. ovata＇s seedlings were raised by sowing and C. bungei by baring root transplanting of large trees. Third, there are different applications and different culture implications between these two species of tree. Studies show that they should be different species in ancient China.