明代皇帝及储君教育的缺失

The Lack of Education on the Emperors and Successors in the Ming Dynasty

明代皇室教育存在严重的缺陷和不足:皇帝和储君教育缺乏制度性约束,教育时间得不到保障,使其实践能力大大削弱;明代讲官作为"帝王之师",未能充分发挥其职责,枯燥的内容、脱离时政的说教和急于求成的做法,引起皇帝的反感,使其对学业缺乏兴趣;宦官和后宫等皇帝亲近人员未能发挥良性引导、督促作用。因而,明代多数皇帝文化素养、政治素质低下,执政和治理能力处于较低水平,且言行举止常背离皇帝的身份角色,对明王朝的命运造成了巨大的影响。

Most of emperors in Ming Dynasty always refused to perform their duties,and increasingly became emperor problem.There were many problems in the royal education,which included the lack of institutional constraints on emperor and successors and the compulsory educational time.Meanwhile,the emperors' teachers boring content and unpractically preaching were disgusted by the emperors,which led to boredom in the study.Eunuches and consorts took negative effect on the emperors.As a result,most of the emperors were short of culture and polictical ablility.Therefore,they often deviated from the behavior of the emperors role,which caused a negative influence on the fate of Ming Dynasty.