犯罪嫌疑人义务探析

On Obligation of Criminal Suspect

犯罪嫌疑人负有忍受侦查的义务,但对其课以义务时应遵循适度性原则和程序性不作为义务原则。根据我国法律规定,犯罪嫌疑人有接受强制侦查行为,遵守取保候审、监视居住的规定及如实进行陈述的义务。但如实陈述义务违背了犯罪嫌疑人分担义务的"程序性不作为义务"原则,立法上应当免去这一义务,而代之以犯罪嫌疑人沉默权。犯罪嫌疑人违反法定义务将受到经济制裁和相当严厉的身体强制,甚至是致命的武器攻击,这些规定基本上符合比例性原则的要求。

A criminal suspect has the obligation of bearing investigation, which should abide by the principle of appropriateness and the principle of procedural non-action. The law in China reflects that criminal suspect has the burden of receiving compulsory investigation, obeying regulations on bail and surveillance of residence and telling the truth. The obligation of telling the truth violates the principle of procedural non-action, therefore it should be exempted and supplanted by the right to silence. If a criminal suspect breaches legal obligation, he will be punished by economic sanctions or severe body restraint or even a lethal weapon attack. Such provisions are basically keeping with the appropriateness principle.