近代中国对外贸易比较优势测算与分析

Survey and Analysis of Comparative Advantages in Modern China Foreign Trade

1870-1931年,中国的饮食物及烟草类、制成品类的比较优势量不断下降趋势,劳动密集型产品比较优势不断丧失,逐渐转变为缺乏比较优势的产品;同时,随着中国自然资源得到大量开发以及新式轻工业的发展,原料及半制品类、杂货类的比较优势量逐渐上升势头。由于缺乏必要的技术创新和制度创新,近代中国劳动力丰富的比较优势并没有直接转变为中国对外贸易的竞争优势。

During 1870-1931, the comparative advantages of categories of food and tobacco, and finished products dropped unceasingly in China. the comparative advantages of labor- intensive products in the modem China loses unceasingly, and transformed gradually to products in lack of comparative advantage. At the same time, raw material and semi finished articles, and grocery obtained comparative advantages due to the massive developments of natural resources as well as the new style light industry. For lack of essential technological innovation and the system innovation, the greet advantage of labor force in the modem China had not transformed into competitive advantage in foreign trade.